Common Hoof Problems in Equids and How to Prevent Them

Healthy hooves are the foundation of a healthy horse. As the old saying goes, "No hoof, no horse" and it’s absolutely true. Hoof problems can lead to serious lameness, performance issues, and even long-term health concerns if not properly addressed. Our vets often see a range of common hoof problems. Understanding these issues and how to prevent them is key to keeping your horse sound and happy.

Common Hoof Problems

• Thrush: A mixed bacterial and fungal infection of the frog, often caused by wet, dirty environments. It produces a foul smell and black, crumbly discharge.

• Abscesses: A painful buildup of infection inside the hoof, often causing sudden, severe lameness. Abscesses can result from sole penetrations, bruising, or even poor hoof balance.

• Laminitis: A serious and potentially life-threatening inflammation of the laminae (the tissues that bond the hoof wall to the coffin bone). Causes include metabolic disorders, excessive concussion on hard ground and 

• Cracks and Chips: Hoof wall cracks and chipping are often due to poor hoof quality, conformation and foot balance, inadequate trimming, dry environmental conditions, and rough terrains.

• White Line Disease: A fungal or bacterial infection that invades the hoof wall’s white line, causing separation and weakening of the hoof structure.

  
  

Preventive Measures

• Regular Farrier Care: Routine trimming every 4–8 weeks is essential. A skilled farrier can detect early signs of problems and help maintain correct hoof balance.

• Clean, Dry Environment: Keep stables and paddocks clean and dry. Moisture and bacteria are major contributors to infections like thrush and white line disease.

• Daily Hoof Picking: Removing dirt, manure, and debris daily helps spot early signs of issues and prevents buildup that can lead to infection.

• Good Nutrition: A balanced diet rich in essential nutrients like biotin, zinc, and amino acids promotes strong, healthy hoof growth.

• Veterinary Checkups: Scheduling routine exams can catch hoof issues early. Our team can also recommend appropriate supplements or management changes if needed.

  
  

Final Thoughts

Your horse’s hooves support their entire body - taking proactive steps to maintain them is crucial. If you notice any changes in your horse’s gait, hoof appearance, or behaviour, don’t hesitate to contact us and to speak to your farrier. Early intervention can prevent minor issues from becoming major problems.

Our team is always here to offer advice, hoof care plans, and veterinary support to keep your horse sound and thriving!